| Abstract | This paper deals with the application of a constitutive model for ice collisions onto offshore structures and ships, through the use of numerical methods. Ice, in nature, exists at very high temperature states. Therefore, its behaviour is characterized by time dependent (visco) elasto-plastic behaviour. Also, upon loading, ice cracks (damage) and ice pieces break away from the original ice mass. This cracking activity includes both micro cracking and macro cracking. The constitutive model, presented in this paper, takes into account the micro cracking activity in ice (ice damage model). However, the macro cracking activity (large fractures in the ice mass) is considered via the numerical applications (through the death of elements, failure criterion). Validation of the model is demonstrated via comparisons of measured versus predicted behaviour,. |
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