| Download | - View final version: Heat transfer coefficients for natural water surfaces (PDF, 1003 KiB)
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| Author | Search for: Williams, G. P.1 |
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| Affiliation | - National Research Council of Canada
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| Format | Text, Article |
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| Subject | heat losses; solar radiation; surface temperature; convection; hydrography; autumn |
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| Abstract | It is shown in this paper that heat losses from open water surfaces will be approximately proportional to the difference in temperature between the water surface and the air, provided the energy gained by short-wave radiation equals that lost by evaporation. The heat transfer coefficient for a small, sheltered lake at Ottawa was measured during 4 autumn cooling periods and found to be 23. 4 cal/sq cm/24 hr/ degrees C. Calculated values from other studies for latitudes 40 to 60 degrees N indicate that the coefficient varies from 40 to 60 cal/sq cm/24 hr/degrees C for average exposure conditions. Lower values occur when short-wave radiation exceeds evaporation loss; the higher values during mid-winter conditions result when evaporation loss exceeds shot-waves radiation. |
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| Publication date | 1963-11-01 |
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| In | |
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| Language | English |
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| Peer reviewed | Yes |
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| Identifier | DBR-RP-202 |
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| NRC number | NRCC 7495
NRC-IRC-208 |
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| NPARC number | 20373771 |
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| Export citation | Export as RIS |
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| Report a correction | Report a correction (opens in a new tab) |
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| Record identifier | 2fc52408-00ea-4e3e-9f50-6a5034795fbc |
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| Record created | 2012-07-23 |
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| Record modified | 2024-01-05 |
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