Plant Acyl-CoA: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases (LPCATs) have different specificities in their forward and reverse reactions

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DOIResolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.521815
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Name affiliation
  1. National Research Council of Canada. Aquatic and Crop Resource Development
FormatText, Article
Journal titleThe Journal of Biological Chemistry
ISSN0021-9258
1083-351X
Volume288
Issue52
Pages36902–36914
SubjectAcyl-CoA; acyltransferases; high selectivity; phosphatidylcholine; reverse reactions; ricinoleic acid; biochemistry; biology
Abstract
Acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) enzymes have central roles in acyl editing of phosphatidylcholine (PC). Plant LPCAT genes were expressed in yeast and characterized biochemically in microsomal preparations of the cells. Specificities for different acyl-CoAs were similar for seven LPCATs from five different species, including species accumulating hydroxylated acyl groups in their seed oil, with a preference for C18-unsaturated acyl-CoA and low activity with palmitoyl-CoA and ricinoleoyl (12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl)-CoA. We showed that Arabidopsis LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 enzymes catalyzed the acylation and de-acylation of both sn positions of PC, with a preference for the sn-2 position. When acyl specificities of the Arabidopsis LPCATs were measured in the reverse reaction, sn-2-bound oleoyl, linoleoyl, and linolenoyl groups from PC were transferred to acyl-CoA to a similar extent. However, a ricinoleoyl group at the sn-2-position of PC was removed 4–6-fold faster than an oleoyl group in the reverse reaction, despite poor utilization in the forward reaction. The data presented, taken together with earlier published reports on in vivo lipid metabolism, support the hypothesis that plant LPCAT enzymes play an important role in regulating the acyl-CoA composition in plant cells by transferring polyunsaturated and hydroxy fatty acids produced on PC directly to the acyl-CoA pool for further metabolism or catabolism.
Publication date
PublisherAmerican Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
LanguageEnglish
Peer reviewedYes
NPARC number23000588
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Record created2016-08-04
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