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Liquid hydrogen storage for hydrogen refuelling stations: codes and standards gap analysis

From National Research Council Canada

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DOIResolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.4224/40003489
AuthorSearch for: 1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9558-2363; Search for: 1; Search for: 1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7586-1474; Search for: 1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3645-5829; Search for: 1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0802-8828
Affiliation
  1. National Research Council of Canada. Clean Energy Innovation
FormatText, Technical Report
Physical description121 p.
Subjectliquid hydrogen; refuelling station; codes; standards; BNQ 1784
Abstract
The project examines the adoption of liquid hydrogen (LH2) as a low-pressure storage solution at hydrogen refuelling stations in Canada, addressing its higher density and associated hazards. LH2 requires specific handling and equipment due to its unique properties like low boiling point and high thermal expansion. The project identifies roadblocks such as outdated codes and standards, focusing on components like storage tanks, vaporizers, and pumps. It highlights existing standards from NFPA, CGA, ISO, and the need for harmonization with USA and international standards. Feedback from stakeholders suggests gaps in Canadian standards, emphasizing the need for development and harmonization. Recommendations include continued review, development of Canadian standards, streamlined approval processes, and risk assessments. Harmonizing standards across provinces and incorporating international standards could facilitate exports and improve safety measures. The CAN/BNQ 1784-000/2022 requires updates to align with NFPA 2, and risk assessments should be conducted with industry collaboration.
Publication date
PublisherNational Research Council of Canada. Clean Energy Innovation Research Centre
Copyright statement
  • © Sa Majesté le Roi du Canada, représenté par le Conseil national de recherches du Canada, 2025
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LanguageEnglish
Peer reviewedNo
Identifier56844
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Record identifier49c1e8bc-7b12-477d-b928-57c2bc654afb
Record created2025-05-28
Record modified2025-05-29
Date modified: