| Abstract | The ratios R_{s,t,o} of electrical conductivity of seawater samples of precisely known salinity to standard seawater at the same temperature have been measured over a wide range of salinities from 0 to 42\permil S and over the full range of oceanic temperatures from -2 to 35\deg C. The samples with S<35\permil were prepared by accurate weight dilution of standard seawater with distilled water. High salinity samples were prepared by fast evaporation of standard seawater and subsequent weight dilution into the already determined < 35\permil range. An equation was derived which expresses the S versus R_{s,t,o} relationship very precisely from 1-42\permil and at all temperatures, i.e., S = f_{1}(R_{s,t,o}) + f_{2}(R_{s, t,o},t) =\Sigma_{n=0}^{5} a_{n}R^{n/2}+ \frac{\Delta t}{1+k\Delta t} \Sigma_{n=0}^{5} b_{n}R^{n/2} where \Delta t = t-15\deg C, R = R_{s, t.o} ; only the first term f_{1} is required at 15\deg C. The effeet of temperature on the electrical conductivity of standard seawater was also measured. The ratio r_{t} of the conductivity at temperature t to the conductivity at 15\deg C ( C_{35,t, o}/C_{35,15,o} ) is very aeenrately expressed by a fourth degree equation in t . i.e, r_{t}=\Sigma_{n=0}^{4} c_{n}t^{n} These two equations are sufficient for all salinity determinations at normal atmospheric pressure. |
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