Effects of early cholesterol intake on cholesterol biosynthesis and plasma lipids among infants until 18 months of age

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DOI	Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-0997
Author	Search for: Demmers, Théa A.; Search for: Jones, Peter J. H.; Search for: Wang, Yanwen; Search for: Krug, Susan; Search for: Creutzinger, Vivian; Search for: Heubi, James E.
Format	Text, Article
ISSN	0031-4005 0031-4005 0031-4005
Subject	cholesterol; biosynthesis; infant; milk/chemistry; lipids/blood
Abstract	Background: The endogenous cholesterol fractional synthesis rate (FSR) is related inversely to infant dietary cholesterol at 4 months of age; however, it remains to be established whether this effect is permanent, possibly contributing to later hypercholesterolemia. Objective: To determine whether levels of dietary cholesterol in infancy induced changes in FSR and plasma lipid levels that persisted at 18 months. Methods. A prospective clinical trial was conducted with 47 infants, from their first week of life until 18 months of age, who received human milk (HM) until weaned (n = 15) or were randomized to receive modified cow’s milk formula (MCF) with added cholesterol (n = 15) or cow’s milk formula (CF) (n = 17) for 12 months. Cholesterol contents of HM, MCF, and CF were 120, 80, and 40 mg/L, respectively. FSR and plasma lipid levels were measured at 4 and 18 months. Results: At 4 months, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher for infants fed HM and MCF, compared with CF. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher in the MCF group than in the HM and CF groups. FSR in the HM group (0.034 ± 0.005 pools per day) was lower than that in the CF group (0.052 ± 0.005 pools per day). There was no difference between the HM and MCF (0.047 ± 0.005 pools per day) groups or between the MCF and CF groups. At 18 months, there were no differences in FSRs or plasma lipid profiles between the groups. Conclusion: Although cholesterol intake before weaning affects FSRs and plasma lipid profiles at 4 months, these differences do not persist after weaning to an unrestricted diet at 18 months. This provides additional evidence that there is no imprinting of FSR in infancy with differing dietary levels of cholesterol. Pediatrics 2005;115:1594–1601; cholesterol, breastfed, formula-fed, fractional synthesis rate, deuterium.
Publication date	2005-06-01
Access condition	available unlimited public
In	Pediatrics 115, no. June 6 (1 June 2005): 1594–1601.
Language	English
Peer reviewed	Yes
NRC publication	This is a non-NRC publication "Non-NRC publications" are publications authored by NRC employees prior to their employment by NRC.
NRC number	NRCC 54691
NPARC number	9145569
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Record identifier	7a240456-a40c-41f6-8138-a1085a88c446
Record created	2009-10-02
Record modified	2020-04-07

Date modified:: 2024-07-04