Study of the mechanical stability and bioactivity of Bioglass® based glass-ceramic scaffolds produced via powder metallurgy-inspired technology

From National Research Council Canada

DOIResolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/015005
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Name affiliation
  1. National Research Council Canada. Automotive and Surface Transportation
FormatText
TypeArticle
Proceedings titleBiomedical Materials
ConferenceConference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas (AMTA), October 22-26, 2014, Vancouver, BC, Canada
ISSN1748-6041
1748-605X
Volume11
Issue1
Article number015005
Pages# of pages: 11
SubjectBioglass® based scaffolds; cellular solids; bioactivity; powder technology; mechanical properties; simulated body fluid
Abstract
Large bone defects are challenging to heal, and often require an osteoconductive and stable support to help the repair of damaged tissue. Bioglass-based scaffolds are particularly promising for this purpose due to their ability to stimulate bone regeneration. However, processing technologies adopted so far do not allow for the synthesis of scaffolds with suitable mechanical properties. Also, conventional sintering processes result in glass de-vitrification, which generates concerns about bioactivity. In this work, we studied the bioactivity and the mechanical properties of Bioglass® based scaffolds, produced via a powder technology inspired process. The scaffolds showed compressive strengths in the range of 5–40 MPa, i.e. in the upper range of values reported so far for these materials, had tunable porosity, in the range between 55 and 77%, and pore sizes that are optimal for bone tissue regeneration (100–500 μm). We immersed the scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 28 d and analyzed the evolution of the scaffold mechanical properties and microstructure. Even if, after sintering, partial de-vitrification occurred, immersion in SBF caused ion release and the formation of a Ca-P coating within 2 d, which reached a thickness of 10–15 μm after 28 d. This coating contained both hydroxyapatite and an amorphous background, indicating microstructural amorphization of the base material. Scaffolds retained a good compressive strength and structural integrity also after 28 d of immersion (6 MPa compressive strength). The decrease in mechanical properties was mainly related to the increase in porosity, caused by its dissolution, rather than to the amorphization process and the formation of a Ca-P coating. These results suggest that Bioglass® based scaffolds produced via powder metallurgy-inspired technique are excellent candidates for bone regeneration applications.
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PublisherIOP Publishing
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LanguageEnglish
Peer reviewedYes
NPARC number23000043
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