| Download | - View final version: Surface chemistry of metal oxide nanoparticles: NMR and TGA quantification (PDF, 4.1 MiB)
- View supplementary information: Surface chemistry of metal oxide nanoparticles: NMR and TGA quantification (PDF, 1.1 MiB)
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| DOI | Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-022-03906-x |
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| Author | Search for: Kunc, Filip1; Search for: Gallerneault, Mary2; Search for: Kodra, Oltion3; Search for: Brinkmann, Andreas1; Search for: Lopinski, Gregory P.1; Search for: Johnston, Linda J.1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9136-4920 |
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| Affiliation | - National Research Council of Canada. Metrology Research Centre
- National Research Council of Canada. Security and Disruptive Technologies
- National Research Council of Canada. Energy, Mining and Environment
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| Format | Text, Article |
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| Subject | metal oxide nanoparticles; quantitative NMR; thermogravimetric analysis; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; quantification of surface functional groups |
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| Abstract | Surface functionalization is widely used to control the behavior of nanomaterials for a range of applications. However, methods to accurately quantify surface functional groups and coatings are not yet routinely applied to nanomaterial characterization. We have employed a combination of quantitative NMR (qNMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to address this problem for commercial cerium, nickel, and iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) that have been modified to add functional coatings with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), stearic acid, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The qNMR method involves quantification of material that is released from the NPs and quantified in the supernatant after removal of NPs. Removal of aminopropylsilanes was accomplished by basic hydrolysis whereas PVP and stearic acid were removed by ligand exchange using sodium hexametaphosphate and pentadecafluorooctanoic acid, respectively. The method accuracy was confirmed by analysis of NPs with a known content of surface groups. Complementary TGA studies were carried out in both air and argon atmosphere with FT-IR of evolved gases in argon to confirm the identity of the functional groups. TGA measurements for some unfunctionalized samples show mass loss due to unidentified components which makes quantification of functional groups in surface-modified samples less reliable. XPS provides information on the presence of surface contaminants and the level of surface hydroxylation for selected samples. Despite the issues associated with accurate quantification using TGA, the TGA estimates agree reasonably well with the qNMR data for samples with high surface loading. This study highlights the issues in analysis of commercial nanomaterials and is an advance towards the development of generally applicable methods for quantifying surface functional groups. |
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| Publication date | 2022-03-02 |
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| Publisher | Springer |
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| Licence | |
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| In | |
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| Language | English |
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| Peer reviewed | Yes |
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| Export citation | Export as RIS |
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| Report a correction | Report a correction (opens in a new tab) |
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| Record identifier | bd951da7-5a3a-4881-8841-f8ccabc26562 |
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| Record created | 2022-07-18 |
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| Record modified | 2022-07-18 |
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