| Abstract | Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder, which leads to a series of complications in the human body including damage to the heart, blood vessels, brain and neurons, kidneys, eyes, toes, skin, and mouth. Dietary intervention with phenolic compounds has been studied extensively for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Phenolic compounds are abundant in fruits. Phenolic extracts and isolated polyphenols from fruits have been demonstrated to have antidiabetic effects through a large number of studies with different settings, including cell-based experiments, epidemiological analyses and studies, preclinical animal studies, and human clinical trials. The mechanisms of action of antidiabetic effects of phenolic compounds include the improvement in impaired insulin sensitivity, inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, and upregulation of glucose transport, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation. This chapter provides recent evidence on the physiological functions of fruit polyphenols in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes in different experimental settings and model systems. |
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