| Abstract | The existing electrical power generation, transmission, and distribution grid systems in most countries use technologies and strategies that are more than 50 years old, long before the proliferation of digital communications and control technologies that we rely on today. This limits the systems capabilities to detect and address emerging problems before they affect services. In a broader sense, this will also prohibit the systems to respond to local and system wide inputs for other system problems, for example, performing extensive measurements, rapid communications, centralized advanced diagnostics and feedback control, etc. are not feasible. However, all these capabilities are necessary for quickly returning the system to a stable state after interruptions, disturbances or even outages. The current grid system is straining under outdated technology and increasing demand for high-quality power. The stresses of increased power needs exert on the grid are shown through unreliable service and blackouts, which pose significant economic and safety threats to the society. |
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