| Download | - View final version: CSC smudging toxicity: testing (PDF, 1.5 MiB)
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| DOI | Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.4224/40002876 |
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| Author | Search for: Elsagan, Nour1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9096-8714; Search for: Ko, Yoon1; Search for: Jones, Ben1; Search for: National Research Council of Canada. Construction Research Centre |
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| Affiliation | - National Research Council of Canada. Construction
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| Sponsor | Search for: Correctional Services Canada (CSC) |
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| Format | Text, Technical Report |
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| ISBN | 978-0-660-42597-9 |
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| Edition | Rev. ed. 1 |
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| Physical description | 26 p. |
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| Abstract | National Research Council (NRC) was approached by Correctional Services Canada (CSC) to evaluate the potential health hazard induced by inmates’ smudging activities to inmates as well as correctional facility staff. The study included three tasks. Task 1 encompasses a literature review to investigate the typical composition of smudging materials, probable combustion effluents and their yields. Task 2 assesses potential impacts from exposure to smudging effluents.
The findings from Tasks 1 and 2 were reported to CSC in a previous report¹. These findings demonstrated that an insufficient amount of information exists particularly on yields of effluents produced during smudging. Therefore, Task 3 was planned to obtain the chemical effluent and smoke particulate matter data from smudging.
This report presents the findings from Task 3, where comprehensive evaluation of the hazards associated with smudging was conducted by testing four common smudging materials; black sage, juniper, tobacco, and white sage; in two testing facilities:
1) Tube furnace connected to a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to detect and quantify the chemical combustion effluents
2) Testing room equipped with a Nanozen particle monitor to measure the particulate matter (PM) resulting from smudging.
The combustion effluents and PM data from the testing were analyzed to estimate concentrations likely to be present in an inmate cell and their health effects. Finally, combustion effluent hazard assessment and recommendations were provided. |
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| Publication date | 2022-07-26 |
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| Publisher | National Research Council of Canada |
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| Series | |
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| Language | English |
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| Peer reviewed | Yes |
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| Identifier | PDF: Cat. No. NR24-91/1-2022E-PDF |
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| Export citation | Export as RIS |
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| Report a correction | Report a correction (opens in a new tab) |
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| Record identifier | edc057e8-918c-4306-997d-8a76cc8a4206 |
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| Record created | 2022-08-03 |
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| Record modified | 2022-08-08 |
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