Modulation of bacterial multicellularity via spatio-specific polysaccharide secretion

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DOI	Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000728
Author	Search for: Islam, Salim T.ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6853-8446; Search for: Vergara Alvarez, Israel ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3070-5365; Search for: Saïdi, Fares; Search for: Guiseppi, Annick; Search for: Vinogradov, Evgeny¹ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-1376; Search for: Sharma, Gaurav ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-7446; Search for: Espinosa, Leon ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1923-2069; Search for: Morrone, Castrese; Search for: Brasseur, Gael; Search for: Guillemot, Jean-François; Search for: Benarouche, Anaïs; Search for: Bridot, Jean-Luc; Search for: Ravicoularamin, Gokulakrishnan; Search for: Cagna, Alain; Search for: Gauthier, Charles ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-2050; Search for: Singer, Mitchell ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-0863; Search for: Fierobe, Henri-Pierre; Search for: Mignot, Tâm ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4338-9063; Search for: Mauriello, Emilia M. F.ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9770-6138
Editor	Search for: Bollenbach, Tobias
Affiliation	National Research Council of Canada. Human Health Therapeutics
Format	Text, Article
Subject	polysaccharides; exopolysaccharides; protein domains; polymers; statistical data; emulsions; monosaccharides; pathogen motility
Abstract	The development of multicellularity is a key evolutionary transition allowing for differentiation of physiological functions across a cell population that confers survival benefits; among unicellular bacteria, this can lead to complex developmental behaviors and the formation of higher-order community structures. Herein, we demonstrate that in the social δ-proteobacterium Myxococcus xanthus, the secretion of a novel biosurfactant polysaccharide (BPS) is spatially modulated within communities, mediating swarm migration as well as the formation of multicellular swarm biofilms and fruiting bodies. BPS is a type IV pilus (T4P)-inhibited acidic polymer built of randomly acetylated β-linked tetrasaccharide repeats. Both BPS and exopolysaccharide (EPS) are produced by dedicated Wzx/Wzy-dependent polysaccharide-assembly pathways distinct from that responsible for spore-coat assembly. While EPS is preferentially produced at the lower-density swarm periphery, BPS production is favored in the higher-density swarm interior; this is consistent with the former being known to stimulate T4P retraction needed for community expansion and a function for the latter in promoting initial cell dispersal. Together, these data reveal the central role of secreted polysaccharides in the intricate behaviors coordinating bacterial multicellularity.
Publication date	2020-06-09
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Licence	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In	PLOS Biology 18, no. 6, e3000728.
Language	English
Peer reviewed	Yes
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Record identifier	75609f43-bc94-4885-b235-10ea415af969
Record created	2021-05-12
Record modified	2021-05-17

Date modified:: 2024-07-03