QTL mapping and molecular characterization of the classical D locus controlling seed and flower color in Linum usitatissimum (flax)

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DOI	Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11565-7
Author	Search for: Sudarshan, Gurudatt Pavagada; Search for: Kulkarni, Manoj¹; Search for: Akhov, Leonid¹; Search for: Ashe, Paula¹; Search for: Shaterian, Hamid¹; Search for: Cloutier, Sylvie; Search for: Rowland, Gordon¹; Search for: Wei, Yangdou; Search for: Selvaraj, Gopalan¹
Affiliation	National Research Council Canada. Aquatic and Crop Resource Development
Format	Text, Article
Abstract	The flowers of flax (linseed) are blue-hued, ephemeral and self-pollinating, and the seeds are typically brown. A century-old interest in natural yellow seed variants and a historical model point to recessive alleles in B1, D and G loci being responsible, but the functional aspects had remained unknown. Here, we characterized the “D” locus by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and identified a FLAVONOID 3′5′ HYDROXYLASE (F3′5′H) gene therein. It does not belong to the F3′5′H clade, but resembles biochemically characterized F3′Hs (flavonoid 3′ hydroxylase) but without F3′H activity. The genome lacks other F3′H or F3′H-like genes. The apparent neo-functionalization from F3′H is associated with a Thr498 → Ser498 substitution in a substrate recognition site (SRS). The yellow seed and white flower phenotypes of the classical d mutation was found to be due to one nucleotide deletion that would truncate the deduced product and remove three of the six potential SRS, negatively impacting delphinidin synthesis. Delphinidin is sporadic in angiosperms, and flax has no known pollination syndrome(s) with functional pollinator group(s) that are attracted to blue flowers, raising questions on the acquisition of F3′5′H. The appearance of d allele is suggestive of the beginning of the loss of F3′5′H in this species.
Publication date	2017-11-16
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
In	Scientific Reports, no. 7, 15751.
Note	Erratum published online 12 March 2018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22651-9
Language	English
Peer reviewed	Yes
NRC number	NRC-ACRD-56361 NRC-ACRD-PDB011
NPARC number	23002777
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Record identifier	d5dbe07c-fce3-4a79-a1d5-bc23f59666f9
Record created	2018-02-05
Record modified	2020-05-30

Date modified:: 2026-01-21